IGF 2025

Whether or not AI is used in courts is no longer an issue. The issue is now whether Courts are prepared to maintain the human element in the field of technology. One of the most important aspects of Judging is empathy- the ability to enter into the shoes of another without losing objectivity. Further, in numerous jurisdictions, especially in criminal matters, courts’ decisions have to be made on the judge’s own conviction and assessment. This has contributed to the enduring legitimacy and integrity of courts in many jurisdictions. Is the fear that AI could compromise fundamental principles of justice and/or replace the human elements in judging justified?

The aim of this session is to examine the implications of the use of AI in the judiciary, and examine ethical consequences, in the light of new and emerging regulatory frameworks. Discussions will center on current initiatives by UN agencies and other stakeholders to develop norms for effective use of AI in the judiciary.



Main questions:

1. How prepared are the judicial systems, in different jurisdictions, to handle the rise of AI-generated evidence and arguments?

2. As AI becomes more advanced and harder to detect, how can courts ensure they’re not being manipulated by fake or misleading content?

3. Can judicial systems afford to delay regulatory responses while technology advances rapidly?

4. Can AI-generated evidence be admissible in courts? Should it be held to the same standards as human expert testimony? Why or why not?

5. What is the difference between using basic scientific tools (like breathalyzers) and advanced AI models in courts—and why should one be exempt from stricter rules?

6. How reliable is public feedback in shaping legal rules about AI? Can non-experts meaningfully contribute to this conversation?

7. Is it ethical for lawyers to rely on AI without verifying every detail? Should there be professional consequences if they don’t?

8. Are automated courts and online sentencing fair alternatives to traditional trials—or do they risk removing human judgment and empathy from the process?

9. Does AI strengthen access to justice?

10. How far are we from a courtroom where both the defendant and the victim are represented by AI?

11. What safeguards need to be put in place now to protect the integrity of the justice system in the age of AI?

12. Will future generations view today’s legal system as outdated, just like we see old courtroom practices today?

Ultimately, can justice still be blind in the age of artificial intelligence—or will it be blinded by it?



Moderator:

Eliamani Laltaika, Judge, High Court of Tanzania, United Republic of Tanzania